Strains and Sprains

What are strains and sprains?

Strains and sprains are common musculoskeletal injuries that affect the soft tissues. Even though they’re often mentioned together, they aren’t the same.

Strains

Strains are muscle or tendon injuries that occur when these tissues are stretched or torn. They commonly affect the hamstrings and lower back.

Sprains

Sprains occur when a ligament is stretched beyond its normal limits or torn. Joints, such as the ankles, wrists, and knees, are especially susceptible to sprains.

What symptoms occur with a sprain or strain?

Symptoms of sprains and strains include:

• Pain and tenderness
• Swelling
• Bruising
• Limited range of motion
• Inability to bear weight 
• Instability, like the affected joint is “giving way”
• Muscle spasms
• Muscle weakness

Some people experience several of these symptoms, while others only experience one or two. How your body responds depends on the severity of the injury.

How are strains and sprains diagnosed?

Dr. Smith reviews your health history and asks about your injury, including what you were doing when it happened, what it feels like, and whether it affects your mobility. Tell him if you have difficulty placing weight on the affected area and if there’s noticeable bruising or swelling.

Next, Dr. Smith completes an exam. He may ask you to upload photos or have you point your smartphone or tablet camera at the injury site if you are having a virtual visit. Dr. Smith might also have you stand, walk, or do other easy movements to assess your general mobility.

Minor sprains and strains can typically be diagnosed with an exam and via telehealth, but Dr. Smith may refer you to an imaging facility if he suspects a more serious injury, such as a broken bone or dislocated joint.

How are sprains and strains treated?

Treatment for a sprain or strain depends on the location of the injury and its severity. Dr. Smith may recommend:

• Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE)
• Over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription pain relievers
• Wearing a brace or splint
• Gentle movement to reduce stiffness and encourage circulation
• Physical therapy

Severe sprains or strains may require surgery. If that’s the case, Dr. Smith can refer you to an orthopedic specialist for personalized care.

If you’ve recently suffered a sprain or strain, don’t wait to schedule an appointment at KC Cares Med. Call the office or request an appointment online today.